In this project will focus on the impact of the 18th constitutional amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan and the concomitant process of enhancing administrative and fiscal federalism within this hybrid regime on i) inter-governmental relations within the political system, ii) coordination and conflict between elected and bureaucratic elites across the three tiers of governments, and iii) policymaking and governing outcomes generated by this decentralized system. The primary objective is to study how the terms and clarity of the constitutional framework for decentralization shaped the relationship between elected and unelected elites across the tiers of government and impacted political coordination and policymaking in Pakistan. In studying the impact of constitutional decentralization on politics and policymaking in Pakistan’s hybrid political system, the researchers will focus on three areas of policymaking: fiscal federalism, disaster management and policing.