The Collective has partnered with PATH for this study which has been commissioned by the Department of International Development, UK (DFID). The purpose of this project is to conduct formative research and design operational research for nutrition-direct or nutrition-sensitive interventions which can be piloted along the existing cash transfer component of the Benazir Income Support Programme (BISP). The Collective will be carrying out stakeholder consultations and conducting qualitative fieldwork in five districts across Pakistan focusing on the interaction of beneficiaries with BISPs systems and processes, determinants of malnutrition and barriers to improvement at the local level and feasibility of potential pilots. The data collected will be analysed and used to inform operational research design for pilots.